While literary sources tend to locate the agency for change exclusively in preachers and rulers, in archaeology, the forces of change become nameless and faceless. The study of inscriptions from Malwa helps in restoring agency to common people.

The beginnings of urbanism are to be found in the pre-literate past, and, therefore, require an analysis of archaeological data. Using insights from anthropology and studies of early states, in the first half of the book an attempt has been made to look for new ways to account for urbanization.

The second half of the book tries to understand the process of urbanization by examining epigraphic and literary sources. The process of the emergence of urban centres created new forms of division of space: urban centres were surrounded by villages which in turn were surrounded by wilderness.

This book tries to recover the histories of their complex interrelations. Since caste and kinship are considered central to the world of Indian sociology, an attempt has also been made to understand the relationships between caste, kinship and urbanism.

Changes in the attitude of the literati towards the city and the country have also been examined. * (less)

Introduction. I.

Geography of the early Tipitakas. II.

The cosmography: 1. The heavens and the higher births.

2. The lower worlds.

3. Genesis & dissolution of the world.

III. Contemporary religious practices: 1.

Religious thought. 2.

Ascetics and their practices. 3.

Some important non-Buddhist teachers. IV.

Social organization: 1. Social differentiation.

2. The family.

3. Women.

Index. Vol.

II. Introduction.

I. Material culture: 1.

Everyday life. 2.

Household articles. II.

Social interaction: 1. Recreations and festivals.

2. Manners and customs.

3. Superstitious and charms.

III. Economic resources and organization: 1.

Economic life. 2.

Communications and trade. 3.

Currency. 4.

Flora. 5.

Fauna. IV.

Political institutions and law: 1. Political organization and administration.

2. The army.

3. Crime, punishment and legal practices.

V. Technical arts and education: 1.

Town planning and architecture. 2.

Metals and precious stones. 3.

Education. VI.

The sciences: 1. Medical sciences.

2. Side light on contemporary knowledge.

Conclusions. Bibliography (less)

Introduction. II.

Visible facts: 1. The role of 'Stupa-art' (Fine arts dedicated to the Stupa).

2. The basic composition of stupa-art.

3. A consideration of the visible facts.

III. Possible interpretations: 1.

The religious aspects. 2.

The artistic aspects. 3.

The political aspects. IV.

The concept of the empty throne: 1. Its meanings for Buddhist people.

2. Its categories in comparative religion.

3. A discovery of its modernity.

V. Conclusion.

Appendix: What is the purpose of comparative religion? A five-point ethics to be obtained through the field-work. A list of visuals.

A guide to the visuals. Tables.

Figures. Illustrations.

Plates. Select bibliography.

Index. "It is next to impossible today to even think of Buddhism without the presence of the Buddha image! The image of the Buddha, in truth, has not only come to symbolise the essence of Buddhism but is also a brilliant expression of the cultural/artistic achievements of the Buddhists since (less)

Part V. Thinkers subsequent to the Brahma-sutra: 1.

General remarks. 2.

Tibetan citations of Bhartrhari's verses and the problem of his dates. 3.

Upavarsa. 4.

Bodhayana. 5.

Tanka (Brahmanandin). 6.

Dravida. 7.

Bhartrprapanca. 8.

Sabarasvamin. 9.

Bhartrmitra. 10.

Srivatsankamisra. 11.

Sundarapandya. 12.

Brahmadatta. 13.

Govinda. 14.

Mandanamisra. 15.

Fragmentary transmissions of various differing theories. Part VI.

The Mandukya-karika: Introduction. 1.

Interpretations of some words and phrases of the Mandukya- Upanisad and Karika. 2.

Textual analysis. 3.

Thought. Part VIII.

The Vedanta philosophy of the Grammarian Bhartrhari: 1. The Grammarian Bhartrhari: the man and his works.

2. The position of Bhartrhari in the history of thought.

3. Bhartrhari's the scholar.

4. Metaphysics.

Part VIII. Conclusion: 1.

The position of Sankara in the history of Vedanta philosophy. 2.

A summary of the history of early Vedanta philosophy. Appendices.

Index. Postscript.

"The history of the Vedanta school is well-known since the time (less)

Advani. As an immigrant who was forced to abandon his beloved Sindh, which became a part of Pakistan after India was partitioned in 1947, on the basis of the communally inspired Two Nation Theory , Advani gives a poignant first-person account of that tragedy.

With a career spanning six decades as a political activist in post-1947 India, during which he has been a ring-side viewer of, and participant in, almost all the major socio-political developments in India, Advani is uniquely qualified to offer a perspective on independent India s political evolution. The apogee of Advani s achievement was his seminal contribution, together with his senior colleague Atal Bihari Vajpayee, to ending the Congress party s dominance over India s polity by building the Bharatiya Janata Party as a viable alternative for governing India.

The book provides a riveting, insightful and assertive account of Advani (less)

2. The concept of Bodhisattahood.

3. The Bodhisatta practice as depicted in Pali sources.

4. The origin and development of the Bodhisattva doctrine.

5. The concept of Sunnata as depicted in Pali Nikayas.

6. The concept of Sunyata in Mahayana Sutras.

7. The conduct of Bodhisattva - Carya.

8. The Buddha's major characteristics through Buddha body perceptions.

9. The conclusion.

The Boddhisattvas' names in Sanskrit and Chinese. Bibliography.

Index. "The two concepts most profound, sublime and influential of all Mahayana (The Developed Buddhist Tradition) texts are the concepts of Bodhisattva and Sunyata.

In fact, both concepts had their seeds first in the Pali Nikayas (The Early Buddhist Tradition). In other words, while reading this book, the reader can discover the doctrines of Mahayana along with those of Pali Nikaya which are essentially the same in origin, nature and purpose.

He can also recognize how the term Sunyata sounds negative but the true (less)

Acknowledgements. Introduction: the politics of land use.

Island: Poem on the City/Nissim Ezekiel. List of abbreviations.

I. Agrarian Bombay, c.

1660-1860: Land into private property: 1. The British in Bombay, c.

1660-1720: a precarious presence. 2.

Defence preoccupations and the emerging town, c. 1720-1780.

3. Customary rights and state regulations, c.

1780-1810. 4.

Thomas Dickinson and the Bombay Revenue Survey, c. 1810-30: a time for change.

5. Law and the acquisition of land for public purpose, c.

1830-60. II.

Industrial Bombay, c. 1860 to Present Times Changing Patterns of land use: 6.

A metropolis takes shape, c. 1860-90.

7. Urban planning or crisis management? Bombay, c.

1890-1930. 8.

Bombay's built environment and the Housing Conundrum, c. 1930-60.

9. Bombay/Mumbai, 1950 to Present Times: confronting the challenges.

Glossary. Select bibliography.

Index. "A city of varied shades and home to millions, Mumbai stands tall among the most prominent cities of the world, (less)

After vigorous exercise on the Appalachian Trail comes this edited collection of Bryson's most splenetic comic pieces culled from his humorous regular column in the Mail on Sunday (less)

2. Preface/Malvika Singh.

3. Delhi: flowing with time/Pavan K.

Varma. 4.

The jewel in the crown/William Dalrymple. 5.

Along the Jamuna. 6.

The circle of seasons. 7.

Embracing many faiths. 8.

A vibrant, changing cityscape. 9.

Connecting the people. 10.

The bazaars. 11.

Unmatched eating and drinking. 12.

Myriad styles. 13.

The amphitheatre of the arts. 14.

Luxury and hospitality. "Dilli is the Heart of India.

It embodies centuries of life and living, of changing cityscapes and fine architectural masterpieces that draw together ancient fortresses, medieval cities, and a metropolis that has, without hesitation, embraced the diverse, multilayered and dynamic reality of India and all Indians. This book walks you through some of the symbols that compel Delhi to stand apart, showcasing an old civilization and more importantly, an energetic, creative and entrepreneurial young nation grappling with the excitement of constant reinvention, of change.

Delhi has the best of all (less)

The result is this stunning, brilliantly illuminating portrait of the megalopolis and its people-- a book, seven years in the making, that is as vast, as diverse, as rich in experience, incident and sensation as the city itself (less)

What are caecilians? ii. Gymnophiona in the taxonomic system.

iii. Classification of Gymnophiona.

iv. The Indian perspective.

1. Material and methods.

2. A review of literature on the taxonomy of Indian Gymnophiona.

3. Morphology and terminology.

4. Distribution.

5. Habits and habitats.

6. Life history.

7. Abbreviations.

Taxonomic treatment: i. Key to orders of Class Amphibia.

ii. Order Gymnophiona.

iii. Classified list of Gymnophiona of India.

iv. Key to families of Indian Gymnophiona.

v. Family ichthyophiidae.

vi. Genus ichthyophis Fitzinger.

vii. Key to species of Genus Ichthyophis of India: 1.

Ichythyophis beddomei Peters. 2.

Ichythyophis bombayensis Taylor. 3.

Ichthyophis garoensis sp. nov.

4. Ichythyophis glutinosus (Linnaeus).

5. Ichythyophis husaini sp.

nov. 6.

Ichthyophis longicephalus Pillai. 7.

Ichthyophis malabarensis Taylor. 8.

Ichthyophis peninsularis Taylor. 9.

Ichthyophis sikkimensis Taylor. 10.

Ichthyophis subterrestris Taylor. 11.

Ichthyophis tricolor Annandale. Family: Uraeotyphlidae.

Genus Uraeotyphlus Peters. Key to species of Genus Uraeotyphlus of India.

12. Uraeotyphlus interruptus (less)

A woman ahead of her time.An uplifting, inspiring and heart-warming story of a woman truly ahead of her time.

Of loves lost and found, of courage and determination.It is the 1930s and when her beloved husband, John, suddenly dies, young Ellie Hogan decides to leave Ireland and return to New York.

She hopes that the city's vibrancy will distract her from her grief. But the Depression has rendered the city unrecognisable - gone is the energy and party atmosphere that Ellie once fell in love with, ten years before.

Ellie plunges headfirst into a new life pouring all her passion and energy into running a home and refuge for the homeless. In return they give her the kind of love, support and friendship she needs to try and overcome her grief.

Until, one day, someone she thought she'd never see again steps through her door. It seems that even the Atlantic isn't big enough to prevent the tragedies (less)

Introduction. I.

Jammu & Kashmir: 1. Land and people.

2. Fairs and festivals.

3. Folk lores.

4. Folk instruments.

5. Folk dances.

6. Folk songs.

7. Musical appreciation.

II. Himachal Pradesh: 8.

Land and people. 9.

Fairs and festivals. 10.

Folk lores. 11.

Folk drama. 12.

Folk instruments. 13.

Folk dances. 14.

Folk songs. 15.

Musical appreciation. Bibliography.

Index. Vol.

II: Punjab and Haryana: Preface. Introduction.

I. Punjab: 1.

Land and people. 2.

Fairs and festivals. 3.

Folk-lores. 4.

Musical instruments. 5.

Folk dances. 6.

Folk songs. 7.

Musical appreciation. II.

Haryana: 8. Land and people.

9. Fairs and festivals.

10. Folk art forms.

11. Musical instruments.

12. Folk dances.

13. Folk songs.

14. Musical appreciation.

Bibliography. Index.

Vol. III: Rajasthan: Preface.

Introduction. Rajasthan: 1.

Land and people. 2.

Fairs and festivals. 3.

Folk lores. 4.

Folk instruments. 5.

Folk dances. 6.

Styles of singing (less)

The cartoon and its brief general history. 2.

Indian cartoons. 3.

The cartoonists under study. 4.

The cartoons and their basic aspects. 5.

How the cartoonist works? 6. Analysis and interpretation of the cartoons.

7. The symbols of cartoons and explanations.

8. Underlying meaning of cartoons and communication.

Summary and conclusion. Notes.

References cited. "A cartoonist sketches comic or satirical picture and his vehicle of expression is drawing rather than words.

A good cartoon conveys more than written words. 'He should have the knack of drawing topsy-turvy situations to achieve the effect'.

Laxman says that 'cartooning is the art of disapproval and complaint and it treats men and matter with a certain healthy scepticism and good humoured ridicule, but never malice'. A cartoon relates to different sectors of life; political, social, cultural and others.

Many people consider a cartoon as 'fun', but the sobre people think that it has 'silent message' which (less)

1. Ombudsman: origin, meaning and development.

2. Lokpal in India.

3. Lokayukta as it is functioning in Maharashtra.

4. Report of the field work.

5. Conclusion.

Appendices: i. List of Member of IOI.

ii. Some abbreviations.

Bibliography. Index.

"The meaning of public services will be realized only when the integrity in public services are to be maintained. The problem of corruption in the developing countries retards the development of nations and more efforts are being taken nowadays by the Governments to remove corruption.

This introductory book examines Lokayukta in Maharashtra at its micro level as well as ombudsman system in India at centre as well as in Indian states at macro level. This research report based book touches many disciplines such as public administration, political science, sociology, law and somewhere economics and psychology also.

The book earnestly and neatly studies the institution of ombudsman and reviewed worldwide ombudsmanic system. It concentrated the (less)

Kate is about to embark on an expedition to the dangerous, remote world of the Amazon rainforest, but rather than change her plans, she simply tales Alex along with her. They set off with their team - including a local guide and his daughter Nadia - in search of a legendary, marauding creature known to locals only as 'the Beast', only to find out much, much more about the mysteries of the jungle and its inhabitants (less)

Advani. As an immigrant who was forced to abandon his beloved Sindh, which became a part of Pakistan after India was partitioned in 1947, on the basis of the communally inspired Two Nation Theory , Advani gives a poignant first-person account of that tragedy.

With a career spanning six decades as a political activist in post-1947 India, during which he has been a ring-side viewer of, and participant in, almost all the major socio-political developments in India, Advani is uniquely qualified to offer a perspective on independent India s political evolution. The apogee of Advani s achievement was his seminal contribution, together with his senior colleague Atal Bihari Vajpayee, to ending the Congress party s dominance over India s polity by building the Bharatiya Janata Party as a viable alternative for governing India.

The book provides a riveting, insightful and assertive account of Advani (less)