And the perpetual negotiations of the World Trade Organisation are wholly based on this presumption. Graham Dunkley shows, however, that leading economists have always been more sceptical about free trade doctrine than the dogmatic globalises realise.

There are more holes in free trade theory than its advocates grasp. And the benefits of free trade in practice are more limited and contingent than they acknowledge.

He also argues that the World Bank's long-time push for export-led development is misguided. A more democratic world trading order is necessary and possible.

And more interventionist, self-reliant trade policies are feasible, especially if a more holistic view of economic development goals is adopted (less)